Two former Defense Ministers in China have been handed suspended death sentences in a sweeping anti-corruption crackdown that continues to reshape the country’s military leadership.

Defense Ministers Corruption

The high-profile convictions of Wei Fenghe and Li Shangfu mark one of the most dramatic developments yet in President Xi Jinping’s ongoing purge of the armed forces.

According to state media, both men were convicted of bribery by a military court and sentenced to death with a two-year reprieve.

Under Chinese law, such sentences are typically commuted to life imprisonment without parole after the reprieve period. This sentence effectively ensures the officials will spend the rest of their lives behind bars.

High-Level Military Shake-Up in China

Wei Fenghe served as China’s defense minister from 2018 to 2023, while Li Shangfu briefly held the role in 2023 before his sudden disappearance from public view triggered widespread speculation.

Both were placed under investigation by the military’s anti-corruption authorities that same year.

Defense Ministers Within PLA

The removal of senior defense figures also sends a strong signal domestically and internationally about the direction of China’s governance and military priorities.

Their downfall is part of a broader campaign led by Xi Jinping to root out corruption within the People's Liberation Army (PLA), the world’s largest standing military.

The purge has reached the highest levels of command, signaling a major restructuring effort within the armed forces.

 PLA purge in China

A recent report from the Center for Strategic and International Studies indicates that more than 100 military officers have been removed or investigated since 2022. Among them are dozens of generals and lieutenant generals, with some positions reportedly purged multiple times.

The report found that approximately 52% of the PLA’s top leadership roles have been affected—an unprecedented level of turnover that underscores the scale of the campaign.

Xi’s efforts have also extended to other senior figures, including Zhang Youxia, who was removed earlier this year despite being one of the highest-ranking officials in the military hierarchy.

Military Concerns with Defense Ministers

The crackdown aligns with Xi’s long-standing objective of modernizing China’s military and consolidating political control. Official commentary in the PLA’s internal publications has framed the purge as essential to eliminating “toxic influences” and strengthening discipline within the ranks.

For more on China’s military structure, visit China Ministry of National Defense. Analysis of global military trends can also be found at CSIS Defense Programs.

Political Implications

However, analysts warn that such a sweeping purge could have unintended consequences. Rapid turnover in leadership may disrupt operational continuity and raise questions about the PLA’s readiness to carry out complex missions.

Beyond military reform, the actions reflect Xi Jinping’s broader consolidation of power. By targeting top military officials, the leadership is reinforcing a message of zero tolerance for corruption while ensuring loyalty at the highest levels of command.