Legal Edge: The Federal Statute Behind the Charges
What is 18 U.S.C. 111?
Federal law (18 U.S.C. 111) is crystal clear: Any person who assaults, resists, or impedes a federal officer or employee engaged in official duties is subject to federal prosecution. The statute’s reach is intentionally broad, covering not just overt physical attacks, but also threats, intimidation, or interference—whether or not an injury occurs.
As clarified by the U.S. Supreme Court in United States v. Feola (1975), a defendant need not know the victim’s federal status to be convicted, so long as the officer was performing official duties.
Scope of the Law
- Physical Assaults: Pushing, grabbing, or striking a federal officer.
- Resistance or Interference: Blocking, refusing lawful orders, or even verbal threats.
- Coverage: Applies to law enforcement, judges, and any federal employee in the line of duty.
Penalties
- Misdemeanor Offense: Up to one year in prison and a $100,000 fine.
- Felony (Injury or Weapon): Up to 20 years in federal prison and up to $250,000 in fines.
- Firearm Involvement: Mandatory minimum sentences from five years to life, depending on injury.
- Restitution: Defendants can be compelled to pay for medical expenses, lost wages, or property damage.
Federal Property Damage
In tandem with assault charges, damaging government property is also a federal felony, further increasing potential prison time and financial penalties.
