Why imagination matters
In humans, imagination helps people rehearse events, plan decisions, and solve problems before acting. Children use pretend play to practice real-life situations.
Researchers think apes might benefit in similar ways, such as exploring possible outcomes or trying different strategies mentally before acting.
“There are many benefits to not being stuck in the here and now,” Bastos said, “because you can start thinking about alternative futures.”
Clues about human evolution
Bonobos and chimpanzees are humans’ closest living relatives. Scientists believe all three species share a common ancestor that lived millions of years ago. Discoveries like this suggest that some mental abilities thought to be uniquely human may have deeper evolutionary roots.
Field researchers have observed playful behaviors in wild bonobos before, such as carrying sticks like dolls. The new laboratory tests offer clearer proof that such actions may reflect true imagination rather than simple habit.
Questions remain about how and why this ability developed. Researchers hope future studies with more animals will help explain when pretend thinking emerged and what role it plays in ape behavior.
For now, the study adds to growing evidence that the mental lives of apes may be more advanced than once believed.
