On Tuesday, the United States announced two separate cease-fire agreements between Ukraine and Russia. Both countries committed to stop strikes in the Black Sea and halt bombing each other's energy targets.

Led by former President Donald Trump, the U.S. published two separate joint statements with Moscow and Kyiv outlining the deals, but neither document set out a clear timeline for their implementation.​

Implementation Disputes

Despite the agreements, rhetoric from Moscow and Kyiv suggests they remain far apart. On Wednesday, Ukraine and Russia accused each other of breaking the truce on energy strikes brokered by the United States, and the European Union said it would not meet conditions set by Russia for a planned ceasefire in the Black Sea.​

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy stated that the U.S. informed Kyiv the deals were effective immediately upon being announced.

However, the Kremlin asserted that the Black Sea agreement would not begin until a sanctioned Russian state bank was reconnected to the international payment system. Europe responded that the condition would not be met until Russia withdrew from Ukraine.​

Cease-fire Agreements Early Violations

The Kremlin contends it has been implementing a pause on energy attacks since March 18. Nevertheless, a senior Ukrainian presidential official reported that Russia has attacked eight Ukrainian energy facilities since that date.​

Overnight, Russia claimed it had taken down nine drones, including two over the Black Sea.

It also alleged that Ukraine attempted to attack a gas storage facility in Russian-occupied Crimea and energy infrastructure in Russia's Kursk and Bryansk regions. 

Ukraine has recently been increasing the size and scope of its drone assaults within Russia. The high watermark this month came on March 10 as Kyiv launched at least 343 drones into Russia, according to the Defense Ministry in Moscow. More than 90 drones were shot down over Moscow, with the capital's mayor describing the assault as "massive."

Calls for New Sanctions

Zelenskyy called on the United States to impose additional sanctions on Moscow, asserting that Russia was not pursuing a "real peace" following the latest night of Russian drone attacks.

He emphasized that "Everyone who was affected must be given assistance. But there must also be clear pressure and strong action from the world on Russia—more pressure, more sanctions from the United States—to stop Russian strikes."​

European Union's Stance

Diplomats have indicated that the Kremlin requires European Union sanctions to be lifted before a Black Sea truce takes effect. The EU stated it was not targeting trade in food, grain, or fertilizers and made clear it would not adjust sanctions while Russian forces remained in Ukraine.

A spokesperson for the EU's executive commission remarked, "The end of the Russian unprovoked and unjustified aggression in Ukraine and unconditional withdrawal of all Russian military forces from the entire territory of Ukraine would be one of the main preconditions to amend or lift sanctions."​

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Drone Attacks Continue

Nightly Russian drone attacks have been a feature of life in Ukrainian cities for many months, leading to power outages as missiles have hammered the power grid. More recently, Russian attacks have targeted gas facilities. In response, Kyiv has used drones to hit Russian oil facilities.​

At least 15 explosions hit Zelenskyy's hometown of Kryvyi Rih overnight. According to Oleksandr Vilkul, head of the military administration, a Russian drone attack occurred, though no one was killed or injured. Vilkul commented, "Apparently, this is how the occupiers want peace."​

Seven Russian drones were shot down over the southern region of Mykolaiv, whose port provides access to the Black Sea and has been closed since Russia's full-scale invasion, the governor reported.

 In the city of Okhtyrka in the border region of Sumy, the local governor stated that Russian drones damaged two apartment buildings, an administrative building, and businesses.​

International Support

Emmanuel Macron announced that a British-French military delegation would be sent to Ukraine to assess Kyiv’s needs and determine how to support its army. He also indicated that troops would be deployed as a “reassurance force” to uphold any full ceasefire agreed upon with Russia.

Chiefs of staff from both countries have been tasked with assembling a team to meet with Ukrainian counterparts.​

While the cease-fire agreements brokered by the United States represent a potential step towards ending the conflict, significant challenges remain. 

Allegations of violations, disputes over implementation, and ongoing hostilities underscore how precarious the situation remains. Continued international engagement and pressure appear crucial to achieving a lasting peace between Ukraine and Russia.​